voltage divider - Delphijustin industries

4-in-1 Analog Calculator

Justin Roeder — Tue, 09 Jul 2024 19:08:58 +0000

Here are ways to do addition, subtraction, multiply and divide using a multimeter.

Addition

Addition is very simple! To do it just connect some pots in series. With series resistors their resistance adds up.

Subtraction

NOTE: If there are 3 or more pots in series, just set them all the way down to 0 ohms.

Multiply

Again if there are any unused pots set them to 0

Divide

In this animated circuit shows you how the resistors divide the voltage. The resistance isn’t important. You probably want nothing lower than 2.2k(for 32.5v, which is probably the max my adjustable voltage source will give you.) To figure out the current rating use this equation $$I_{max}=\frac{V_{in}}{R}$$ To use that circuit first measure the voltage source output(The numerator of the fraction). Then tap into the resistor chain(the denominator of the fraction). The voltage output from the resistor chain will be the Quotient. You can use any number of fixed resistors and any reasonable value as long is impedance doesn’t go too high where the current is too weak for your meter to pickup. You also don’t want to go too low where your batteries leak or explode or even the resistors could catch on fire if the wattage goes over the rated resistor wattage.

The adjustable voltage source

Here it is. This will give the numerator any number between 1.25 to 32.5. I plan on powering it from 4x 9v batteries. This will provide 36vdc of power. You can use anything from 40v or less. If anything higher is needed you can build a rectifier diode chain, I’m not sure if it’s accuracy is any good. Any adjustable linear voltage regulator is good for this purpose To change the voltage range on the LM317 click here.

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USB charger data voltages

Justin Roeder — Thu, 14 Jul 2022 20:35:10 +0000

You may be thinking that usb charging devices use just the 5v and ground wires? Well your wrong as those devices don’t want to break the charger by drawing too much current. They require certain voltages on the 2 data lines. It took me alot of research to figure out how to configure it. If you want you can try shorting the green(data+) and white(data-). This may charge at the wrong current or refuse to charge.

Here’s 3 different voltage dividers simulated in everycircuit

3 voltage dividers(you will need 2, total of 4 resistors) hook one of the data lines in the middle of each dividers

Those are configuration values used in chargers. Here’s a list of voltages.

Data+	Data-	Information
2v	2v	500mA
2v	2.7v	1000mA
2.7v	2v	2100mA
2.7v	2.7v	2400mA
1.2v	1.2v	Unknown Samsung devices

Data lines configuration

I used r1 as 60k (51k+9.1k) and r2 is 75k. For data+. For data- r1 is 75k and r2 is 49.99k resistor. I’m using a 3a 5vdc power adapter and it seems better.

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TV coax oscilloscope probe

Justin Roeder — Fri, 14 Feb 2020 17:40:25 +0000

In this blog post I will show you how to build a x1 probe and a x10 probe. You will need resistors, a pen(prefer one with the tip can come off),6ft or less of TV coax, paper clip,one alligator clip, 1 Meg impedance oscilloscope and a f jack to BNC adapter. You will want to get the lowest wattage resistors. This is so that it can be easier to put the resistors inside of the pen. The resistor closest to the tip is should be 5 Meg, and the one that connects to center and ground is 1.25 Meg. When connected to the 1 Meg oscilloscope it makes a divide by 10. And that is how this times ten probe works! The times one is the simplest, you just hook tip and ground directly to the oscilloscope. Also you want the lowest amount of wire exposed. In the picture of the oscilloscope shows 10.11vdc being measured on 1v/div. It definitely reads approximately 1v. You might be asking why use F-jack coax? Here’s what it says on Wikipedia about it:

The F connector is an inexpensive, gendered, threaded, compression connector for radio frequency signals. It has good 75 Ω impedance match for frequencies well over 1 GHz^[2] and has usable bandwidth up to several GHz.

Making the x10 probe

Cut one end of the cord, make sure the piece you are using is 6 foot or less
Strip the coax back far enough that the cord can fit threw the pen, and some for the ground clip. Strip half a inch of the insulator off for access to the center pin.
Here comes the hard part, soldering the resistors. Solder the 150k resistor to the braid. Make sure not to melt the insulator separating the center pin from ground. Make sure to make connections short to prevent interference.
Next solder the 1.1Meg resistor to the 150k resistor from step 3 to the center pin. Again make sure to use short connections as possible.
Solder the next 2 150k resistors in series with a 4.7Meg at the end.
next solder the 4.7meg to the paper clip, Bend the paperclip all the way back before soldering.
Carefully push the probe into the pen. Clip off excess paperclip. And that’s it!

Making the x1

Cut 6 foot or less of the coax.
Strip the coax back enough for the pen fit on the cord. Strip an inch on the center insulator.
Push the cord threw the pen and cut off excess wire from the tip and your done!

Testing the x10 probe

You will need a multimeter and a power source (isolated power supply, battery,etc)

First measure the resistance between ground and center, you should get 1.25 Meg. Not close to zero or open.
Next measure from the ground clip and the probe tip, you should get 6.25 Meg. This is because the top resistor is in series with the bottom one and there resistance adds up.
Now if your meter is 1 Meg impedance then you can connect your probe up to a power source and measure it to see if it equals it divided by 10. If not then measure it on the oscilloscope. Make sure that if it’s DC your coupling is not AC as it blocks DC.

Also it might be possible to make a x10 resistor probe for 10 Meg impedance just change the resistor that connects to the tip to 50 Meg and and the one between it and ground to 12.5 Meg. I had to adjust the VAR knob on the scope to calibrate it to the correct measurement

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